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CO₂ EOR 1

CO₂净排放量 1

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乳液共聚合 1

二甲醚 1

太阳能，光伏，集中太阳能，生物质，水电解，二甲醚 1

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Exergy losses in premixed flames of dimethyl ether and hydrogen blends

Tongbin ZHAO, Jiabo ZHANG, Dehao JU, Zhen HUANG, Dong HAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期页码 658-666 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0645-8

摘要： A second-law thermodynamic analysis was conducted for stoichiometric premixed dimethyl ether (DME)/hydrogen (H )/air flames at atmospheric pressure. The exergy losses from the irreversibility sources, i.e., chemical reaction, heat conduction and species diffusion, and those from partial combustion products were analyzed in the flames with changed fuel blends. It is observed that, regardless of the fuel blends, chemical reaction contributes most to the exergy losses, followed by incomplete combustion, and heat conduction, while mass diffusion has the least contribution to exergy loss. The results also indicate that increased H substitution decreases the exergy losses from reactions, conduction, and diffusion, primarily because of the flame thickness reduction at elevated H substitution. The decreases in exergy losses by chemical reactions and heat conduction are higher, but the exergy loss reduction by diffusion is slight. However, the exergy losses from incomplete combustion increase with H substitution, because the fractions of the unburned fuels and combustion intermediates, e.g., H and OH radical, increase. The overall exergy losses in the DME/H flames decrease by about 5% with increased H substitution from 0% to 100%.

关键词： second law analysis flame dimethyl ether (DME) hydrogen binary fuels

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Dimethyl ether as alternative fuel for CI engine and vehicle

Zhen HUANG , Xinqi QIAO , Wugao ZHANG , Junhua WU , Junjun ZHANG ,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 99-108 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0013-1

摘要： As a developing and the most populous country in the world, China faces major challenges in energy supply and environmental protection. It is of great importance to develop clean and alternative fuels for internal combustion engines. On the basis of researches on DME engine and vehicle at Shanghai Jiaotong University in the last twelve years, fuel injection, combustion, performance and exhaust emissions of DME engine and DME vehicle are introduced in this paper. The results indicate that DME engines can achieve high thermal efficiency and ultra low emissions, and will play a significant role in meeting the energy demand while minimizing environmental impact in China.

关键词： dimethyl ether (DME) fuel injection combustion process emission control CI engine vehicle

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人工与自然再利用CO₂进行DME生产：我们有更紧密的合作吗？

Martín Mariano

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第2期页码 166-170 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.02.002

摘要：将生物质用于生产相同的产品二甲醚（DME）。自然界中，植物通过光合作用捕获CO ₂以生长。这里讨论的第一个过程的设计基于上层结构优化方法，以便选择将木质纤维素生物质转化为DME的技术。生物质被气化；接下来，必须先使用重整，洗涤和碳捕获技术纯化粗制合成气，然后才能将其用于直接生产DME。或者，可以捕获CO ₂并用于通过氢化生产DME。氢（H ₂）是通过利用太阳能将水分解而产生的。

关键词：太阳能，光伏，集中太阳能，生物质，水电解，二甲醚

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Biomass to dimethyl ether by gasification/synthesis technology

Tiejun WANG, Yuping LI, Longlong MA, Chuangzhi WU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 330-339 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0121-y

摘要： Technical and economic analysis was done for the biomass to dimethyl ether (DME) technology to promote the gasification/synthesis route for biofuel production and its application as a fossil fuel substitute. The technology of biomass gasification/synthesis has obvious advantages, including production flexibility, environmental friendliness, economic feasibility, and application versatility. Biomass gasification/synthesis technology integrates bio-DME synthesis, fertilizer production, electricity generation, and waste heat utilization to convert waste biomass residues to DME for use as liquid petroleum gas, transportation fuel substitute, and chemical intermediates, which has been proven to be one of the most effective and clean biomass utilization routes. The 1000 t/a-scale demonstration plant has a bio-DME production rate of 6 to 7 / , biomass gasification efficiency of≥82%, once-through CO conversion of ≥70%, DME selectivity (DME/DME+other organic products) of ≥90%, and a total system efficiency of ≥38%. The demonstration plant also has self-sufficient steam and electricity supply. The 10,000tons/a-scale bio-DME production cost with or without feedstock subsidy is estimated to be 1968 Yuan/t and 2868 Yuan/t, respectively in China. Because of the limitation in biomass feedstock collection cost, massive and disperse commercial plants with a capacity of 10000 t/a bio-DME are more suitable for rural areas.

关键词： technical and economic analysis biomass dimethyl ether gasification/synthesis

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A density functional theory study on the mechanism of Dimethyl ether carbonylation over heteropolyacids

Kai Cai, Ying Li, Hongbao Shen, Zaizhe Cheng, Shouying Huang, Yue Wang, Xinbin Ma

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 319-329 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1957-2

摘要： Dimethyl ether (DME) carbonylation is considered as a key step for a promising route to produce ethanol from syngas. Heteropolyacids (HPAs) are proved to be efficient catalysts for DME carbonylation. In this work, the reaction mechanism of DME carbonylation was studied theoretically by using density functional theory calculations on two typical HPA models (HPW, HSiW). The whole process consists of three stages: DME dissociative adsorption, insertion of CO into methoxyl group and formation of product methyl acetate. The activation barriers of all possible elementary steps, especially two possible paths for CO insertion were calculated to obtain the most favorable reaction mechanism and rate-limiting step. Furthermore, the effect of the acid strength of Brønsted acid sites on reactivity was studied by comparing the activation barriers over HPW and HSiW with different acid strength, which was determined by calculating the deprotonation energy, Mulliken population analyses and adsorption energies of pyridine.

关键词： dimethyl ether carbonylation mechanism heteropolyacids density functional theory

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Performance and emission characteristics of QHCCI dimethyl ether engine

WANG Ying, LI Wei, ZHOU Longbao, LIU Shenghua, HU Tiegang

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 401-405 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0075-5

摘要： Experimental investigation into the effects of different pilot amounts of dimethyl ether (DME) on the performance and emission of a single-cylinder direct-injection DME engine is conducted. The results show that a DME engine can operate at a wider range of speeds and loads at quasi-homogenous charge compression ignition (QHCCI) mode. The brake thermal efficiency increases while the exhaust temperature decreases. NO emission decreases by about 30%–50% although there is a slight increase in HC and CO emissions. NO, HC and CO emissions increase with an increase in the amount of DME pilot. QHCCI is a good way to increase thermal efficiency and decrease NO emission.

关键词： Experimental investigation single-cylinder direct-injection exhaust temperature dimethyl compression ignition

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Impact of dimethyl ether on engine seal materials

WU Ning, ZHANG Wugao, HUANG Zhen

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 279-284 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0042-1

摘要： The resistance of many kinds of rubber materials to dimethyl ether (DME) was studied. Both the mass and volume change of rubber materials, which were put in DME and then exposed to the air for different periods of time were measured. The results show that fluorine rubber (FKM), silicone rubber (SIR), and nitrile rubber (NBR) are unsuitable as seal materials for DME engines. Common polyvinylchloride (PVC) dissolved completely in DME, which has almost no impact on vulcanizing nylon material. The constitution of ethylene propylene terpolymer rubber (EPDM) has a major impact on its resistance to DME. A kind of EPDM with good resistance to DME was found, whose reliability was validated by 100 hours of DME engine operation.

关键词： impact Common polyvinylchloride different constitution ethylene propylene

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A study on the catalytic performance of Pd/γ-Al

Ruizhi CHU, Xianyong WEI, Zhimin ZONG, Wenjia ZHAO

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 452-456 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0522-9

摘要： A series of Pd/γ-Al O hybrid catalysts were prepared by impregnation and subsequent calcination under microwave irradiation. The catalysts were used for direct synthesis of dimethylether (DME) from syngas. The results show that calcination under microwave irradiation improved both the activity and selectivity of the catalysts for DME synthesis. The optimum power of the microwave was determined to be 420 W. Under such optimum conditions, CO conversion, DME selectivity and time space yield of DME were 60.1%, 67.0%, and 21.5 mmol·mL ·h , respectively. Based on various characterizations such as nitrogen physisorption, X-ray diffraction, CO-temperature-programmed desorption, and Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis, the promotional effect of the microwave irradiation on the catalytic property was mainly attributed to both the higher dispersion of Pd and the significant increase in the adsorption on the CO-bridge of Pd. Microwave irradiation with very high power led to the increase in CO-bridge adsorption and thereby decreased the catalytic activity, whereas the coverage by metallic Pd of the active sites on acidic γ-Al O significantly occurred under microwave irradiation with very low power, resulting in a decrease in the selectivity to DME.

关键词： Pd/γ-Al₂O₃ direct synthesis dimethyl ether calcination under microwave irradiation

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Ozone kinetics of dimethyl sulfide in the presence of water vapor

Haitao WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第6期页码 833-835 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0570-8

摘要： The outdoor smog chamber was used to thorough investigate the rate constants of gas-phase reaction between dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and ozone (O ) under conditions of relative humidity 55.0%–67.8% at (296±2)K for the first time. The rate constants were measured, at a total pressure of 1 atm, to be (10.4±0.2) × 10 cm ·molecule ·s at relative humidity of 67.5%±0.3% at 298K, (10.1±0.1) × 10 cm ·molecule ·s at relative humidity of 66.5%±0.5% at 296K, (7.75±0.39) × 10 cm ·molecule ·s at relative humidity of 64.8%±0.1% at 294K and (3.42±0.21) × 10 cm ·molecule ·s at relative humidity of 55.8%±0.8% at 295K. Base on these results, it is possible to see the reaction of O /DMS in the presence of water vapor as an important sink for DMS in the earth atmosphere.

关键词： rate constants ozone (O₃) dimethyl sulfide (DMS) water vapor

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Solvent-resistant porous membranes using poly(ether−ether ketone): preparation and application

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第10期页码 1536-1559 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2221-8

摘要： Poly(ether−ether ketone) (PEEK) is a linear aromatic macromolecule, which can form semi-crystalline aggregative status, allowing PEEK materials to have strong environment tolerance and excellent physicochemical properties. PEEK materials have become a promising alternative to fabricate particular membranes used in extreme conditions. In the past few decades, many researches and evolutions have emerged in membrane fabrication with PEEK materials and its applications for treating organic solvents and their mixtures; however, there are little systematic and comprehensive literature to summarize fabrication approaches, compile applications, and elaborate PEEK property-structure relationship. In this review, the main approaches to fabricate PEEK-based membranes are illustrated concretely, including conventional thermal-induced and non-solvent-induced phase separation, and novel chemical-induced crystallization; the representative applications in ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and membrane contactor containing organic solvents are demonstrated systematically. Meanwhile, the mechanism to tune PEEK solubility in solvents, which can be achieved by altering monomers in synthesis processes or changing membrane preparation routes, is deeply analyzed. Moreover, the existing problems and the future prospects are also discussed. This review provides positive guidance for designing and fabricating membranes using PEEK and its derivative materials for task-specific applications in harsh conditions.

关键词： PEEK phase inversion solvent-resistant membrane nanofiltration membrane contactor

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Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/zirconium tricarboxybutylphosphonate composite proton-exchange membranes

GAO Qijun, HUANG Mianyan, WANG Yuxin, CAI Yuquan, XU Li

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第1期页码 95-101 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0012-5

摘要： Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) is a very promising alternative membrane material for direct methanol fuel cells. However, with a fairly high degree of sulfonation (DS), SPEEK membranes can swell excessively and even dissolve at high temperature. This restricts membranes from working above a high tolerable temperature to get high proton conductivity. To deal with this contradictory situation, insolvable zirconium tricarboxybutylphosphonate (Zr(PBTC)) powder was employed to make a composite with SPEEK polymer in an attempt to improve temperature tolerance of the membranes. SPEEK/Zr(PBTC) composite membranes were obtained by casting a homogeneous mixture of Zr(PBTC) and SPEEK in N,N-dimethylacetamide on a glass plate and then evaporating the solvent at 60°C. Many characteristics were investigated, including thermal stability, liquid uptake, methanol permeability and proton conductivity. Results showed significant improvement not only in temperature tolerance, but also in methanol resistance of the SPEEK/Zr(PBTC) composite membranes. The membranes containing 30 wt-% ∼ 40 wt-% of Zr(PBTC) had their methanol permeability around 10 cm·s at room temperature to 80°C, which was one order of magnitude lower than that of Nafion115. High proton conductivity of the composite membranes, however, could also be achieved from higher temperature applied. At 100% relative humidity, above 90°C the conductivity of the composite membrane containing 40 wt-% of Zr(PBTC) exceeded that of the Nafion115 membrane and even reached a high value of 0.36 S·cm at 160°C. Improved applicable temperature and high conductivity of the composite membrane indicated its promising application in DMFC operations at high temperature.

关键词： homogeneous mixture PBTC zirconium tricarboxybutylphosphonate Nafion115 DMFC

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Catalytic activity of cerium-doped Ru/AlO during ozonation of dimethyl phthalate

ZHOU Yunrui, ZHU Wanpeng, CHEN Xun

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 354-357 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0059-z

摘要： In this paper, factors influencing the mineralization of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) during catalytic ozonation with a cerium-doped Ru/AlO catalyst were studied. The catalytic contribution was calculated through the results of a comparison experiment. It showed that doping cerium significantly enhanced catalytic activity. The total organic carbon (TOC) removal over the doped catalyst at 100 min reached 75.1%, 61.3% using Ru/AlO catalyst and only 14.0% using ozone alone. Catalytic activity reached the maximum when 0.2% of ruthenium and 1.0% of cerium were simultaneously loaded onto AlO support. Results of experiments on oxidation by ozone alone, adsorption of the catalyst, Ce ion’s and heterogeneous catalytic ozonation confirmed that the contribution of heterogeneous catalytic ozonation was about 50%, which showed the obvious effect of Ru–Ce/AlO on catalytic activity.

关键词： Ru–Ce/AlO dimethyl phthalate mineralization comparison experiment catalytic ozonation

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How to make the production of methanol/DME “GREENER”—Integration of wind power with

Weidou NI , Zhen CHEN , Zheng LI , Jian GAO ,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 94-98 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0012-2

摘要： The urgency and necessity of alternative fuels give an impetus to the development of modern coal chemical industry. Coal-based methanol/DME is the key element of this industry. Wind power, whose installed capacity increased at a rate of more than 100% in recent years, has the most developed technologies in renewable energy. However, there still exist many unsolved problems in wind power for on-grid utilization. A new integrated system which combines coal-based methanol/DME production with wind power is proposed in this paper. In this system, wind power is used to electrolyze water to produce H and O. The O is fed to the gasifier as gasification agent. The H is mixed with the CO-rich gas to adjust the H/CO to an appropriate ratio for methanol synthesis. In comparison with conventional coal-based methanol/DME system, the proposed system omits the expensive and energy-consuming ASU and greatly reduces the water gas shift process, which brings both advantages in the utilization of all raw materials and significant mitigation of CO emission. This system will be attractive in the regions of China which have abundant wind and coal resources.

关键词： wind power off-grid coal-based methanol/DME electrolyze water

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Novel eco-efficient reactive distillation process for dimethyl carbonate production by indirect alcoholysis

Iulian Patraşcu, Costin S. Bîldea, Anton A. Kiss

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第2期页码 316-331 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2047-9

摘要： Dimethyl carbonate is an eco-friendly essential chemical that can be sustainably produced from CO , which is available from carbon capture activities or can even be captured from the air. The rapid increase in dimethyl carbonate demand is driven by the fast growth of polycarbonates, solvent, pharmaceutical, and lithium-ion battery industries. Dimethyl carbonate can be produced from CO through various chemical pathways, but the most convenient route reported is the indirect alcoholysis of urea. Previous research used techniques such as heat integration and reactive distillation to reduce the energy use and costs, but the use of an excess of methanol in the trans-esterification step led to an energy intensive extractive distillation required to break the dimethyl carbonate-methanol azeotrope. This work shows that the production of dimethyl carbonate by indirect alcoholysis of urea can be improved by using an excess of propylene carbonate (instead of an excess of methanol), a neat feat that we showed it requires only 2.64 kW·h·kg dimethyl carbonate in a reaction-separation-recycle process, and a reactive distillation column that effectively replaces two conventional distillation columns and the reactor for dimethyl carbonate synthesis. Therefore, less equipment is required, the methanol-dimethyl carbonate azeotrope does not need to be recycled, and the overall savings are higher. Moreover, we propose the use of a reactive distillation column in a heat integrated process to obtain high purity dimethyl carbonate (>99.8 wt-%). The energy requirement is reduced by heat integration to just 1.25 kW·h·kg dimethyl carbonate, which is about 52% lower than the reaction-separation-recycle process. To benefit from the energy savings, the dynamics and control of the process are provided for ±10% changes in the nominal rate of 32 ktpy dimethyl carbonate, and for uncertainties in reaction kinetics.

关键词： dimethyl carbonate reactive distillation process design plantwide control

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Study on direct alcohol/ether fuel synthesis process in bubble column slurry reactor

Zhen CHEN, Haitao ZHANG, Weiyong YING, Dingye FANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 461-471 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0517-6

摘要： The recent studies of direct alcohol/ether synthesis process in slurry reactors were reviewed, and the research work in our laboratory was carried out in this paper. a global kinetics model for direct dimethyl ether (DME) synthesis from syngas over a novel Cu-Zn-Al-Zr slurry catalyst was established according to the total of 25 experimental data, and a steady-state one-dimensional mathematical model was further developed in bubble column slurry reactor (BCSR), which was assumed that the bubble phase was plug flow, and the liquid phase was fully mixed flow. The numerical simulations of reactor design of 100000 t/a dimethyl ether pilot plant indicate that higher pressure and lower temperature were favorable to the increase of CO conversion, selectivity of dimethyl ether, product yield and height of slurry bed. The optimal operating conditions for DME synthesis process were obtained: reaction temperature at 240°C, reactor pressure at 5 MPa and reactor diameter of 2.5 m.

关键词： syngas alcohol/ether fuel slurry catalyst bubble column slurry reactor global kinetics mathematical model